The first opals discovered in Australia were found in 1849 in South Australia. The first opals with play-of-colour were found in Victoria in 1863. The first black opal was found in Lightning Ridge in 1903. The rest of the story is wonderful discoveries since then.
Precious opal was formed from silica rich water seeping into sub-soil cavities or hard clay layers, trapping the desolved silica, where it evaporated, forming microscopic spheres. A long, steady rate of seepage and evaporation produced thousands of spheres of uniform size and shape, vital to the formation of precious opal. Light, reflecting from these uniform spheres produces the colour play we see in opals.
Boulder opals are found in several areas of Australia, most coming from the Queensland area. Boulder opals were formed by silica rich water seeping into cracks in the Ironstone rock below, forming veins of precious opal in the Ironstone. The most valuable opals are black opal and boulder opal, the great opals fetching $100,000 to $500,000 or more today. Precious opal is found with several different patterns in the colour play. Here are a few of them. |